World Malaria Report (WMR) 2020
The World Health Organization (WHO) has recently released the World Malaria Report (WMR) 2020. From this report we can say that significant progress has been made in the prevention of malaria in India.
Some important key points about the report:
According to the report, 22 crore cases of malaria occur every year, while in the year 2019, 4,09,000 people died of malaria.
Only 11 countries, including India, account for 70% of global cases of malaria and responsible for 71% of the total estimated deaths in the world.
The number of deaths due to malaria in India in the year 2019 is 17.6% compared to the previous year.
The decline of 71.8% has been recorded between 2000 and 2019 in malaria cases and 73.9% decline in deaths in India.
Steps taken to control malaria in India:
National Strategic Plan for Elimination of Malaria (Year 2017 to 2022)
'High Burden to High Impact' (HBHI) initiative launched by WHO and government together.
Distribution of Pesticide-containing nets in the northeastern states (Long Lasting Insecticidal Nets- LLINs) has reduced cases of malaria.
What is Malaria?
Malaria or malignancy is a carrier-borne infectious disease spread by the parasite of the plasmodium group. The carrier of the malaria parasite is the female Anopheles mosquito.
About World Health Organization:
The World Health Organization is a specialized agency of the United Nations. It was launched globally on 7 April 1948 to take care of public health related works. April 7 also celebrated as World Health Day. Its headquarters are located in Geneva, Switzerland.
Objectives of WHO
The aim of the World Health Organization is that all people in the world have access to universal health services, people should be protected from health related emergencies and ensure better health for the people.
Its other objectives are as follows:
WHO works as a directive and coordinating organization for health related work at international level.
United Nations, Effective alliances with various government health organizations.
To help various countries to raise the health level.
To establish cooperation between various scientists for the betterment of health services.
Structure of WHO
The WHO currently has 194 member countries. Any country can become a member by accepting the constitution of Health Organization. World Health Assembly is its highest decision-maker institution. Member countries send their representatives to it.
The World Health Organization functions its executive board. World Health Assembly, 5 years
WHO Appoints the Director General for 5 years. In addition to this 34 members of the Executive Board elected for 3 years
they are all health professionals and specialists. Currently Tedros Adnom, Ethiopia is the Director General of WHO.
India and the World Health Organization:
India is a founding member of the World Health Organization. In the last decades WHO played an important role in reducing polio, small pox and measles in India. India is the largest distributor of low cost cheap generic medicines.
The World Health Organization has globally identified various diseases such as HIV, tuberculosis, malaria small pox etc. And has played an important role in fighting Ebola, Zika etc. But due to lack of finance, world health organization has not been able to achieve many of its goals.
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