In the revolution of 1857, all classes of people gave their support for independence, but this revolution failed. Historians give the following reasons for the failure of this revolution-
(1) Flare-up of revolution before the fixed date - Laxmibai, Nanasaheb, Tatya Tope, Azimullah Khan, etc. revolutionaries started a revolution on 31 May
Planned to do. All this on this day freed the prisoners and killed the British officers and killed the British arms and
There was a plan like looting the government exchequer, but at the same time, on March 24, Mangal Pandey started a revolution by taking charge and opposing the fat cartridges. Apart from Bengal, this revolution started in Delhi, Meerut, Kanpur, Allahabad, Banaras, etc. before the scheduled time, which became the main reason for the failure of 1857.
(2) Local form of revolution- Revolution of 1857 was limited to Bengal, Uttar Pradesh, Delhi, Madhya Pradesh, and some other areas. It did not spread throughout the nation. The revolution of 1857 had no effect at all in Sindh, south of Narmada, and other parts of the country. At the same time many native kings revolutionaries
Supported, but some native kings and princely states provided protection to the British administration, due to which the revolution of 1857 was seen as a failure.
(3) Lack of effective leader among the revolutionaries - One reason for Kanti's failure of 1857 was that it lacked a skilled commander. Although all of them were courageous and tolerant, all these could not be gathered properly, many people were not providing the leadership of revolution to a brave revolutionary like Lakshmibai just because she was a woman. The failure of this revolution was behind the lack of a successful leaders and mutual split. If the leader had unitedly opposed the British and this revolution would have been patronized by a successful leader, it would surely have been successful.
4) Lack of a definite target - In the revolution of 1857 all revolutionaries had different motives behind the revolution such as Begum Hazrat Mahal remained a rebel of the British due to the incorporation of Awadh into the company government. There itself
Kunwar Singh was not happy with the behavior of the British government. The same Nana Saheb went against the British for not getting pension. All of them did not have a common or common purpose, but they all wanted to expel the British from India. If all the native kings had a revolution against the British with a definite purpose, then it would surely succeed.
(5) Lack of resources - The main reason for the failure of the revolution of 1857 was the lack of modern means for the Indian. Like - revolutionaries
Had old arms, while the British soldiers had modern weapons, the revolutionaries had no means of sending messages and were well versed in the British communication system. At the same time, it was not possible to recruit new soldiers due to lack of funds with Indians. All these reasons became the main reason for the failure of the 1857 revolution.
(6) Canning's generosity - The Government of India Act was passed by the British in 1857. Meanwhile, after Dalhousie, Canning came to India as Governor-General. He successfully suppressed the revolution. Lord Canning ordered his commander Nicholson to suppress the revolution, that the revolutionaries be hanged, and Lai Canning indifferent sized the revolution in various fields with his oppressive policy.
(7) The general public is indifferent to the revolution - In the revolution of 1857, apart from most soldiers, kings, and few people, the wider public did not participate. Apart from this, farmers and laborers also had a nominal share in the revolution. One reason for this was illiteracy. Due to which the people could not understand the purpose of the revolution. On one hand, the revolutionaries looted the prison, and the thieves and the robbers went out with the soldiers, which caused unrest in the society. People told the revolutionaries instead of the government responsible for all this, which failed the revolution.
(8) Other facts-
(A) Educated Indians educated in the revolution of 1857
Did not participate. Rather they stayed away from this revolution.
(B) The British prepared their friendly newly educated class and implemented the bicameral education system in Indian education. So that these people can help in running the British Government.
(C) The soldiers of all the cantonments did not join the revolution of 1857, the southern and western soldiers remained relatively far away. Even Punjab and Gorkha
The soldiers of the regiment supported the government in crushing the rebellion.
(D) Lord Dalhousie soon adopted a repressive policy.
Importance of the 1857 revolution
Although the revolution of 1857 could not be fully successful, it had many far-reaching effects, which made its importance clear. In short, its importance can be seen as follows.
The end of the rule of the East India Company - The British Parliament passed a law in 1858. Accordingly, the rule of the East India Company in India was ended.
. Empress's control over the rule of India As per the law passed in 1858 AD, the rule of India went into the hands of the Queen.
Change of the post of Governor-General - As per the law passed in 1858 AD, the post of Governor-General was changed and he was given the post of Viceroy.
Reorganization of the British Army was reconstituted. The number of British soldiers was increased. The appointment of Indians to high military posts was stopped, the artillery was completely subordinated to the British. Many such regiments were formed, in which only the British
Nick was hired.
Development of National Integration - Now the development of national unity among Indians has gained momentum. As a result of this revolution, public awareness of national unity began to spread among Indians.
Renunciation of British imperial expansionary policy - The British rule abandoned the policy of indiscriminate empire expansion of Indian territories as per the order of Queen Victoria and talk of returning the local kings to their glory and rights.
Said The usurpation was abolished.
Indian Civil Services Act passed - The Indian Civil Services Act was passed in 1861 so that Indians can be recruited in the District Service of India.
Development of Hindu-Muslim unity - Hindu-Muslim unity began to develop as a result of this rebellion.
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