The French Revolution of 1789 AD was not an accidental event but a result of the changes taking place in France. Many social and economic reasons were responsible for the French Revolution, which is as follows:
Social reasons
Many social causes were also responsible for the revolution of France, the main of which were the following:
1. The basis of society was the privileged class and inequality - here the old feudal system was prevalent. There was an atmosphere of extreme inequality in the whole society. In the words of Remgemeier, "The French Generation of the Revolution of Feudalism - against the anti-social order, class privileges, autocratic rule and bureaucracy, and the principles and principles of equality and right of human beings.
On the basis of human society was the form of realization of the effort of innovation.
2. Rights of the feudatories: The nobles arranged for themselves in their jagirs in the furnace of sharava, flour mills. Milling of grains was done by them only. They had the right to set up a separate mill. Thus the Samanta and the clergy dominated, as they had influence in the court.
3. Load of taxes on the poor- The tax system in France was corrupt. Church officials were completely free from feudalism. People were suffering because the society of France was divided into three classes or divided into unequal classes. The most influential of the clergy was the first class. This class had influence in the financial and justice related fields. They controlled education, were exempt from taxes, the Church used to collect Tith. Similarly, the second class was the elite. The nobility had three classes, the rustic, the aristocratic, the small hawk, and the court nobility. The social level of the nobles differed from the others. They did not pay taxes. The condition of the ordinary class was lamentable
commercial purpose
The faulty economy was a major cause of the French Revolution. According to Professor Hazel "Instead of spending by income, the government determines income according to expenditure." Excess expenditure was spent in luxury and the loan taken from abroad to fulfill the treasury was 2.5 crores per annum. The tax system was also very faulty and on the one hand the privileged class
Exempted from tax, the burden of tax was excessive on the poor. The salt tax called "Gabil" created public outrage, which resulted in
It took place as a revolution. French economist Necker printed a description of the economic situation before his removal from office, causing public dissatisfaction. Thus the faulty economy made the revolution in France inevitable. In brief the main economic reasons were the following.
1. Defective Meaning The partition of France was based on inequality from a post-economic point of view. The rich section of the state was rich in many economic privileges and was the owner of more than half of the French land. He did not have to pay taxes. On the other hand B0 percent was poor rural people who got 80 percent of their income as insulting and contemptuous
Under the circumstances, the state, the church and the feudatories had to be given.
2. Deformed Governance System - The tax system of the state was highly distorted and unjust, contracts were given to collect tax in France. Due to this practice, the contractors used to persecute the subjects. The state used to get half of the money recovered. Thus, there was no special benefit to the state. The money recovered by the poor people used to go in the pocket of the oppressors.
3. State of business- At this time the business was not in advanced stage. Trading systems, measurement and weighing system, currency system of different parts of France
The taxing rate varied. There was no special benefit to the state.
4. Debt burden - National debt was increasing day by day due to severe wastage. The state had no budget. The treasury was lying vacant, loans were always taken. Thus, the economic condition of France was devastated. The situation was that it became difficult to repay the loan interest. Louis 16th made some efforts in this direction, but the nobles made a huge mistake by not obeying him. The National Assembly abolished the privileges on arrival and the Jagirdars had to retaliate the public anger by giving their blood.
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