National Human Rights Commission was constituted on 12 October 1993 by an ordinance by the President. This ordinance was enacted by the Indian Parliament in place of an Act on 8 January 1994. The Commission works under the purview of this Act. It is headquartered in New Delhi. Commission itself or on the basis of an application
Investigates some sort of human rights. The main function of this commission is to protect human rights and develop a human rights culture in the country. The utility of the National Human Rights Commission can be expressed as follows:
1. India is a vast country. Here the complexity of applied social, political, and economic problems is more. Similarly the laws in our country
Violation is also high.
2. The Supreme Court is a protector of fundamental rights, but there are many cases that are not in the category of fundamental rights.
3. All courts of India suffer from an excess of work, hence a separate commission is necessary for the disposal of human rights cases.
4. This Commission is an independent and statutory body which, due to its power, can conduct an inquiry soon.
5. At the international level, there was pressure on India to set up a National Human Rights Commission.
6. There was a strong demand from our newspapers, media, private organizations, and the general public that a National Human Rights Commission be formed.
7. National Human Rights Commission became necessary to get rid of police atrocities and control them.
The Parliament of India passed the Human Rights Protection Act 1993 and set up the National Human Rights Commission in October 1993. It is a statutory body. Under Section 20 (2) of this Act, it is provided that the Central Government will submit the report of the Commission in Parliament and the action taken thereon will also be communicated to the Parliament. Any citizen of the country can request the commission to take action in matters related to human rights.
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